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- Little attention has been devoted to the study of the economic implication of land conflict, especially as it relates to agriculture in Nigeria, despite increasing incidence of such conflicts and the crucial role of agriculture in the growth and development of the Nigerian economy. This study used data from the Southwest region of Nigeria to explore the prevalence and pattern of land conflict, analyse its determinants and assess its effect on agricultural production. Data were obtained with the aid of a structured questionnaire, from a survey conducted on a sample of 365 crop farmers who cultivated a total of 462 farm plots. Descriptive statistics, probit and multiple regression analytical techniques were used for data analysis. Reports of conflicts on plots were between 1983 and 2017, with most of the incidences (94.5%) occurring in recent years (2003–2017). Two patterns of land conflicts were identified in the study area: Farmer–Farmer (11%) and Farmer–Pastoralist (89%); the figures reveal that the majority of the conflicts were between farmers and pastoralists. The results further show that plot location, plot distance to farmer’s residence, nature of farming and soil quality had significant positive relationships with land conflict, while plot distance to nearby road had a significant negative relationship with land conflict. There was evidence of significant negative impact of land conflicts on crop production and farmers’ income; a reduction of 49% in crop production and as much as 74% reduction in income of farmers. Serious attention from policy makers and agricultural stakeholders on land-related conflicts would ensure sustainability in agricultural production and development.
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