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- Background: Effective parent-adolescent communication plays a crucial role in preventing HIV, especially during adolescence, a stage marked by heightened curiosity, risk-taking behaviour, and exploration of sexual activity. Even though many adolescents are sexually active, research indicates that communication between parents and adolescents about HIV-related issues remains limited, particularly in developing countries. This lack of communication leaves adolescents vulnerable to misinformation, risky behaviours, and increased rates of HIV infection. Objective: To explore factors that influence parent-adolescent communication about HIV-related issues. Relevant literature was retrieved from databases including Google Scholar, ScienceDirect, Content Server, and JSTOR, covering the period from 2010 to 2022. Results: The selected articles revealed one central theme: the challenges faced by parents when communicating HIV-related issues to adolescents. Two sub-themes also emerged, cultural and religious barriers and parents’ level of knowledge, with six distinct codes identified under each sub-theme. Conclusion: This study demonstrates that parent-adolescent communication about HIV remains limited in developing countries. Strengthening this communication is essential for effective HIV prevention among adolescents.
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