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Browsing Research Outputs by Publisher "Adonis & Abbey Publishers"
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- The past few years have seen a rise in both the number and proportion of incarcerated women in South Africa. Even though the rate of incarceration for women continues to be far lower than for men, the number of women in correctional facilities is growing. Hence the aim of this paper is to critically analyze the living conditions of female offenders who are incarcerated in South African correctional centers. This critical analysis was done by means of qualitative document analysis. This paper traverses, synthesizes, and analyses empirical studies as well as other relevant academic and policy literature on women’s incarceration in South Africa to suggest viable strategies and solutions that can be adopted to ensure good practices and address the identified challenges that are associated with the incarceration of women. Furthermore, the paper highlights various adversities that women in correctional facilities face, such as health issues and rehabilitation challenges, as well as the impact that development and care programmes have on them.
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- Despite adapting to the lockdown necessitated by the coronavirus pandemic, higher education institutions in South Africa have acknowledged that continued lockdown further jeopardizes the 2020 academic calendar. This paper looks at what the higher education response has been to continue with academic activity at the onset of Lockdown Level 5. The use of electronic tuition through various media channels has been highlighted since the announcement of lockdown at all levels of education. While this approach may constitute work-in-progress, it also poses many challenges, chief of which is the high cost of Internet access and data. In this paper, an analytical literature review was conducted using communication media analysis through desktop research. Two conceptual structures, the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) and the Two-way Communication Model (TCM), underpin the study. The paper found that the coronavirus pandemic and lockdown have forced HEIs to rethink their teaching and learning strategy on the run; that online learning has begun but with varying degrees of success; and that implementation presents challenges. Further monitoring post lockdown, to establish the effectiveness of the HEI response, is vital.
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- “Things Fall Apart”, a novel founded on strong African culture and proverbs, illustrates a clash between traditions and missionary-driven civilization in the Igbo community of Nigeria. The author, Chinua Achebe, relates to the African pre-colonial, colonial and post-colonial dispensations. Achebe explores art and literature to redefine thoughts on the vibrancy of the pre-colonial representative institutions in Igboland for peaceful co-existence, which contradicts the generally acclaimed non-existence of political authority in the community. It appreciates the giant strides of Africans to fervently preserve their cultural heritage, and resist the new religion supported by imperialism, and its trappings such as racism, abolition of indigenous practices, divide and conquer, and the break-up of African tribal societies under colonialism. Through textual analysis, this article highlights the ideological impetus for the book and draws a relationship between Okonkwo’s stance against foreign domination and current anti-western insinuation in Africa. It also draws a dialectical connection and dichotomy between African'evil culture'and'evil religion'associated with colonial domination, and engages its implications for contemporary Nigerian state and Africa.
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- 2020| Adonis & Abbey Publi...South Africa’s global image has been dented on the continent, mainly because of the frequent attacks on African nationals, which has not only portrayed South Africa as an intolerant country which does not like anything associated with the black skin but as an Afrophobic country. Therefore, the objective of this study is to present an argument that South Africa has an Afrophobic rather than a xenophobic problem. To achieve this, the study employed a documentary content analysis research method; where a systematic review of literature relating to Afrophobia in South Africa was collected and examined. The findings showed that the South African government has failed to put an end to the constant attacks on black African nationals in the republic, which has strained its relationship with African states. Moreover, the political rhetoric by politicians and the porous nature of South Africa's borders are other contributing factors to the Afrophobic problem in the country. The study concluded that public education is key to reducing Afrophobia, through public lectures and seminars to discuss the negative implications of Afrophobia for South Africa's developmental objectives. Furthermore, law enforcement agencies should enforce the full might of law on those found to be perpetuating Afrophobic sentiments.
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- Small-scale farming contributes to poverty reduction and the improvement of living standards in impoverished rural communities. However, in South Africa, the drought continues to threaten the operations, incomes, and livelihoods of small-scale farmers. Against this backdrop, this paper analyses small scale farmers ‘responses to the 2014-2016 droughts in Mfekayi, in the KwaZulu Natal province of South Africa. The study adopted a mixed-method approach in the form of a convergent parallel design. The results indicated that there were various measures taken by small-scale farmers to respond to the drought. These actions include buying expensive supplements, crop variation, and the application of indigenous knowledge such as livestock movement. Moreover, the results stipulated that those participants suffered livestock deaths and crop failure as the major impacts of drought. In addition, there are challenges experienced by small-scale farmers in dealing with drought, such as further livestock deaths, drought recovery costs, and a lack of information. The study recommends that the government provides relief assistance and come up with policies that specifically address the concerns of small scale farmers.
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- Assessing social media messaging in propagating vaccine hesitancy among students during the lockdownThe disruption of COVID-19 affected many people globally, and to further create doubt, misinformation, disinformation, and fake news through the media have further complicated the message of COVID-19. Vaccine hesitancy is the unwillingness or refusal to accept a vaccine, even when one is available. This study focused on assessing if social media messaging propagated vaccine hesitancy among students during the lockdown. The study also looks at potential social media strategies to be used to promote vaccine uptake among students. The research was conceptualised using the Agenda Setting Theory and the Shannon and Weaver Model of Communication. This study employed a quantitative research method and targeted 250 undergraduate students from the different faculties of the University of Zululand through an online survey. Findings revealed that the various viewpoints and narratives shared on social media actively contributed to heightening vaccine hesitancy. Moreover, the results imply that the use of social media is critical to improving behavioural change and that social media users' perspectives may differ depending on how and the type of information is delivered. The study recommends that social media can also be used as a communication channel to overcome vaccine hesitancy through health.
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- The agricultural projects are regarded as the key instrument in improving rural livelihood by creating employment opportunities, improving economy and food provision. This qualitative study on the sustainability of agricultural projects was conducted in Msinga Local Municipality. The data was collected through the use of five focus group discussions with agricultural cooperatives who were sampled using the purposive sampling method. The qualitative data was analyzed through the use of content analysis. The critical aspects of the findings reveal that the sustainability of agricultural projects in the Msinga area face many challenges, such as disease outbreak, and conditions of climate change and as a result they need a support from the government to improve their livelihoods. There is a need to provide lessons to the rural farmers about ways of adapting to the climate change by strictly aligning with the national climate change adaptation strategy of the Republic of South Africa.
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- It had been observed that new technologies are of growing importance and in many facets of everyday lives and livelihoods around the world. These information and communications technologies (ICTs), especially mobile devices, have special benefits for learning, both in and out of schools. The larger percentage of adults in Nigeria use smartphones which, by observation outsmarts and outnumbers sets of television available in the country. The study reported in this paper sheds light on the attitude, challenges and lesson learnt using mobile technology for learners in adult literacy programmes. The study adopted a quasi-experiment method where Twenty (20) participants were purposively selected in advanced literacy class. The learning model was designed around the context of curriculum being offered by learners. The challenges of ambiguity of mobile technology are the major constraints and the cost of data for learners. The feeling of being too old to use mobile technology to learn makes adults to see it as a sheer waste of time. The study recommended that the government should provide infrastructures specifically in the area of technology for proper integration in adult literacy programme and the provider should sensitize the learning community regarding the benefits of technology for integration.
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- 2020| Adonis & Abbey Publi...This study explored the challenges of retaining qualified but scarce subject teachers such as mathematics and physical sciences teachers in rural secondary schools from the lens of education stakeholders in Mutale district, Limpopo. Given the importance of education to individual and national development, particularly in meeting technology needs, knowledge of mathematics and the physical sciences are indispensable. Stemming from this concern, a qualitative research design using a case study approach was adopted to explore the views of 10 sampled stakeholders one circuit manager, three principals and six teachers in three randomly selected rural secondary schools. An unstructured face-to-face interviews was conducted to collect data on which a thematic analysis was carried out. The findings showed that there is a shortage in the supply of qualified mathematics and science teachers. The lack of social and physical infrastructures, a functional transportation system, poverty-induced learner absenteeism, and temporary employment of the few qualified teachers available were the major challenges to retaining qualified teachers in the rural schools in Mutale district, Limpopo. Pertinent suggestions were made, which include National Students Financial Aids Scheme (NSFAS) increment for mathematics and physical science education pre-service teachers in the university and teachers training institutions.
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- Women leadership in many corporate organisations are few and this is largely because of male domination. It is a growing perception of unexploited women’s leadership competence and talents in a cross-cultural corporate environment. Using a desktop research approach, this paper collected its data primarily through secondary sources and analyses them based on content, this research shows the rate of women’s low representation in most nation’s parliaments globally, which has significantly increased from 11.8% in the last two decades, precisely from 1998 to 17.8% in 2008 to 23.5 per cent in 2018. Using a crosscultural approach, women are seen to be representatively smaller with meaningful impact, rather than the few individuals, it is not to state the falling short of women’s representation in a leadership position in South Africa.
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- This article investigates the extent to which the adoption of climate-smart agriculture (CSA) in selected areas of Windhoek, Namibia, is impacting five variables, namely (a) productivity of urban farmers,(b) boosting food security,(c) resilience or adaptation of urban farmers,(d) agricultural income for urban farmers, and (e) agricultural sustainability. The paper makes use of primary data gathered through interviews with twenty (20) urban farmers in the five Windhoek suburbs of Katutura, Otjomuise, Khomasdal, Okahandja Park, and Havana. The CSA concept provides conceptual frames and lenses for analysis. The study finds out that while various CSA practices adopted by urban farmers in the targeted areas are assisting to boost the productivity and agricultural income of urban farmers, food security.
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- Among the many other crimes that flood South Africa, gender-based violence (GBV) is increasingly becoming a major problem facing the country. Studies have revealed that women and girls are much more likely to be victims, and, in most instances, the perpetrator is known to the victim. This crime has irrepressibly posed great threats to the human rights of women and girls, both locally and internationally, laying serious foundations for engrained progress on women's rights. This study adopts a qualitative document analysis to examine the phenomenon and suggest a community policing approach—among other preventive policy recommendations—as a paradigm shift in strategy to resolve
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- The South African basic education faces many disparities and challenges. The schooling sector is made up of both private and government schools. The use of technology in South African public schools is very limited, in some cases, non-existent or at best avoided. This paper focused on rural secondary schools that are in the King Cetshwayo District Municipality (KCDM) which is made up of the following municipalities Mbonambi: uMhlathuze, Ntambanana, uMlalazi, Mthonjaneni, and Nkandla. The paper looked at how a framework that could address the integration of ICTs for teaching and learning in rural secondary schools. The Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) and The Interactive Model of Communication were used to conceptualise this qualitative research. The framework that was graphically designed comprise three states: The Current, the Desired and the Future states for ICT usage were developed. This framework could provide both rural secondary and schools in general, a process for developing a sustainable process for using ICT for teaching and learning. The research recommends future research on how the use of Artificial Intelligence (AI) will advance teaching and learning in public schools.
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- The African Continental Free Trade Area (AfCFTA) – covering 54 member states with a combined 1.2 billion people (expected to reach 2.5 billion by 2050) and making up US$2.5 trillion gross domestic product (GDP) – is estimated to increase the value of intra-African trade by between 15% (US$50 billion) and 25% (US$70 billion) in 2040. On the other hand, the Association of South-East Asian Nations (ASEAN) Free Trade Area has an almost similar socio-economic and political foundation as that of the AfCFTA, having been established in 1992 (and entered into force in 1993) to boost intra-ASEAN trade, industrialisation and attract investments. The ASEAN bloc – which has a population of 600 million people – is forecasted to become the world’s fourthlargest economy by 2030, comprising a consumer market of over US$4 trillion. Notwithstanding the reality that the AfCFTA and the ASEAN FTA are in two different environments and contexts with peculiar socio-economic and political dynamics, the ASEAN FTA journey presents valuable lessons for the consolidation of African regional integration through the AfCFTA as the two FTAs also share pertinent similarities and commonalities. This article, therefore, sought to examine the prospects of the AfCFTA in consolidating African regional integration, drawing practical lessons from the ASEAN FTA trajectory, specifically the successes, challenges, complexities and emerging issues that have been confronting the ASEAN FTA since 1992. Methodologically, the article utilised secondary data from various sources for analysis and quantitative data analysis from ASEANStats, United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD), African Union and other datasets. The concept of regional economic integration provided a conceptual framework of analysis for the study. Findings from the study were key in identifying lessons (technical, coordinatory, institutional, macro-economic, political, etc.) that the AfCFTA member states may draw on to ensure its successful implementation.
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- The issue of large classes is evident at all levels of education. Regardless of this being viewed as challenging to both the students and educators, appropriate teaching pedagogies should be sought, although the teaching method used is cooperative learning, however, if appropriately used, it can prove to be very helpful to teachers who are faced with the large class scenario. However, the author is of the view that cooperative learning should be used in all classes irrespective of the number of students in the class. He believes that developing students to work within a team is beneficial to them. This method of learning will equip them for their path into the Business Sector. Cooperative learning will be the theoretical framework for this study. The aim of the paper revealed that students need to have their higher order thinking skills enhanced. The objective was to identify the various forms of cooperative learning and how it enhances higher order thinking skills. Cooperative learning has positives and negatives; however, the positives outweigh the negatives. The author has taught on many occasions and has discovered cooperative learning to be very beneficial for him and the students. Students entering the employment arena soon need to learn how to function as a team and cooperative learning develops these skills. Within this study the author narrated how he has utilised cooperative learning within his classes. The paper finally showed how cooperative learning as a teaching pedagogy enhances student's higher order.
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- South African society is confronted with loads of social-financial issues which the government alone cannot resolve. It is of essence that all businesses, especially shopping centres, provide techniques that will proffer solutions to these issues. This study investigated corporate social responsibility activities of shopping centres to sustain community development. The study focused on three shopping centres located within King Cetshwayo District Municipality in South Africa. The stakeholder theory was used to analyse the role of community as a major stakeholder in the shopping centre business. Using the survey method, copies of the questionnaire were administered to 450 respondents from Empangeni, Esikhawini and Richards Bay. Also, copies of the questionnaire were given to the managers of the sampled shopping centres. Data collected were analysed with the aid of statistical tools of Excel. The results of the study indicate that not all shopping centres participate in CSR activities. Community leaders are not involved in deciding the projects. Moreover, implemented projects were not communicated to the community residents. The study recommends that shopping centres should have a representative in the community; community leaders should be engaged in discussing CSR activities, and CSR projects implemented should be reported.
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- Despite the much-celebrated return to civil rule in 1999, effective governance continues to elude Nigerians. This is not only attributable to bad leadership; of greater concern is the conspiracy of the followership in the socio-economic and political debasement of the Nigerian state. This article takes a holistic approach to understand the role of political leadership, the responses of the citizens to the pressures generated by socio-economic reforms and the quest for good governance in Nigeria. The article relies on unstructured interviews to elicit the perspectives of stakeholders in Nigeria‘s governance project. The article found that the formation of the state and evolution of its nationhood, quality of its leadership, and the character of the followership has made it challenging for the Nigerian state to accumulate the dividends of democracy, align itself with the expectations of the masses and manifest the attributes of a true state. However, more pressing among these challenges is the crisis of leadership. The study concludes by reiterating the need for attitudinal changes in the nature and character of Nigerian leadership towards mobilization of the followership towards achieving public good.
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- 2023| Adonis & Abbey Publi...This study investigates the intricate connections between race and police culture, exploring how solidarity, isolation, and cynicism vary among military police officers in South Africa: Blacks and Whites. Adopting a quantitative approach, the research examines how racial identity shapes officers' experiences within the force, potentially influencing their sense of belonging, professional detachment, and disillusionment. Using a survey format, the researcher employed a non-experimental ex post facto (cross-sectional) design. This study employs descriptive analysis to describe characteristics that exist within different variables. The study established in general that SANDF MPOs have attitudes in support of police culture themes of solidarity and isolation but do not have a police culture of cynicism according to race variables. However, the study also finds that, in more than half of the SANDF MPOs, the respondents evinced attitudes in support of the police culture theme of cynicism. Statistically significant differences, differences of kind, and differences of degree were found in relation to all race categorical dependent variables (Blacks and Whites). The study provides an empirical peek into military police culture, allows for comparisons between public police culture and military police culture, and contributes novel knowledge to broader police culture in general.
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- This study explored the interconnectedness between distance to campus and the learning abilities of students cum their academic performances. Mixed Methods Design was adopted for the study. Self-designed questionnaires were administered to 934 randomly selected students, while semi-structured interviews were conducted for 8 conveniently selected lecturers from two rural universities in Nigeria and South Africa. The collected sets of quantitative and qualitative data were analysed using descriptive statistics and themes respectively. The finding of the study shows that rural based universities lack adequate campus-based accommodation facilities; the distance between where students live and campus is far, and that affects their learning abilities as well as academic performances. The study recommends that rural based universities should partner with property and transport agencies. While the former will seek to establish adequate accommodation facilities at affordable prices for students, the latter will provide good and flexible transport system which will serve students at minimal cost regardless of the situation of the community. Meanwhile, the university authority should ensure that the number of students enrolled annually is commensurate to the available facilities.
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- Within the domains of economics and public policy studies, there has been a sturdy increase in the literature on the role played by immigrants (within the premise of this study, unskilled immigrants) in the development of South Africa, especially from an economic perspective. Examining literature related to African migrants in South Africa and their economic contribution, this paper sought to understand whether (un)skilled immigrants contribute to South Africa’s economic development. Amongst the findings of the paper, it was revealed that despite the contribution of (un)skilled immigrants to the South African economy, especially since the fall of apartheid (evident by the different types of informal businesses they run: barbershops, restaurants, vehicle repair shops and salons, to mention a few), their constant struggle to navigate the xenophobic sentiments within South African society is hindering their integration within their respectivecommunities.Nonetheless, despite these challenges, informal businesses by unskilled migrants have become an economic lifeline for those making a living in the informal sector. Central to this has been that they create employment and partake in the transfer of skills and business acumen to their South African employees. Despite their contribution, the role of migrants within the premise of economic contribution has not been welcomed, rather immigrants have been associated with crime and drug smuggling. Therefore, the aim of this paper is to understand how migrants contribute to South Africa’s socio-economic development despite the many challenges they encounter in their quest to integrate within South African society. The study argues that immigrants have contributed to the growth and development of South Africa’s informal sector and with their contribution, contrary to the popular belief that they steal jobs, has created employment and allowed for the transfer of skills to their South African employees. The study, however, acknowledges that from a government perspective, more needs to be done to assist migrants to integrate within South African society and with the development of their businesses.
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