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Dr
Mathunjwa, Musa
Department: Human Movement Science
Research Interest(s): Combat sports, Non-communicable diseases, Physical activity promotion.
Active Research Project(s): Community-Centred Intervention Strategy for Healthy Living in Individuals with Diabetes Mellitus and Viral Infections or Covid19 at King Cetshwayo District in KwaZulu-Natal Province.
GACD NCD prevention in cities: Implementation research targeting chronic non-communicable disease risk factors associated with city environments.
Active Community Engagement: The South African Sports Medicine Association (SASMA).
NCD prevention strategies in rural communities: examining the effectiveness of prevention strategies tailored to the unique.
Biography: Dr Musa L. Mathunjwa is a senior lecturer in the field of Human Movement Science at the University of Zululand at KwaDlangezwa Campus. He holds a Bsc Sport Science, Bsc Sport (Hons), Msc Sport Science (UNIZULU). His research interests are in Obesity, Physical activity, Exercise and chronic disease, Immune/Inflammatory responses to exercise.
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- Background. Many sports place demands on vision and certain visual skills, and this has long been acknowledged. Among all activities, athletic performance places some of the highest demands on the visual system. Sports vision's fundamental component is the growth and improvement of an athlete's visual ability. Objectives. To identify a variety of visual skills essential to netball players. Methods. Studies were obtained from the following databases: EBM Reviews, Current Contents, Science Direct, Google Scholar, CISTI Source (1993–June 2021), SportDiscuss (1975–June 2021), Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, PubMed (1966–June 2021), and international e-catalogues. A keyword search yielded MeSH headings;“visual skills,“hand-eye coordination”,“peripheral vision”,“eye movements”,“netball vision”,“netball rules”,“reaction time”,“speed of recognition”,“accommodation facility,”“visual memory”,“discriminating efficiency”,“visual endurance”,“motor learning” and “cognitive function” which were combined and exploded. Results. This study used 65 full-text English-language papers from 90 citations found through electronic searches. 40 Articles remained after removing duplicates and reviewing the full-text versions. Conclusion. The evidence in this study reveals that, although current research still frequently concentrates on visual skills, there is a need to narrow this attention to the requirements of a certain sport. Additionally, identifying the visual abilities necessary for netball, enables talent identification, effective training, and testing of these abilities.
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- There is conflicting evidence regarding whether athletes have better visio-spatial skills than non-athletes. This gap may result from athletes' superiority in only some visio-spatial abilities (VSS), rather than all areas of vision. The aim of this study was to determine whether there is a significant difference in the visio-spatial intelligence between female netball players (n = 40) and non-athletes (n = 40) when comparing six visual skills (accommodation facility, saccadic eye movement, speed of recognition, peripheral awareness, hand-eye coordination, and visual memory). Following an optometric evaluation, the participants were assessed in six distinct established tests, including the hart near far rock, saccadic eye movement, evasion, accumulator, ball wall toss tests, and flash memory, to evaluate the VSS components of non-athletes and premier league netball players. For five of the six tests, there was a statistically significant (p ≤ 0.05) difference between netball players and non-athletes. Conversely, there is no concrete evidence that netball players have better visual memory than non-athletes (p = 0.277). When compared to non-athletes, netball players have significantly improved accommodation facility (p < .001), saccadic eye movements (p < .001), speed of recognition (p < .001), peripheral awareness (p < .001), and hand-eye coordination (p < .001), but not visual memory (p = 0.277). The findings that netball players perform better on a certain VSS have broad ramifications for theories of sport vision, the optimal way to choose tests, and the creation of VSS testing batteries for specific sports.
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- 2020| North West Universit...The aim was to investigate the effects of two short-term concurrent taekwondo (TKD) and resistance training (RT) programmes of differing intensity on hematological parameters in TKD athletes. Two experimental groups exercised five times weekly, namely a high-intensity concurrent training group (HiCon; n= 14) and moderate-intensity concurrent training group (ModCon; n= 14). The ModCon performed TKD training at 55-70%(weeks 1-2) and 70-85%(weeks 3-4) maximum heart rate (HR max) and RT training for four sets of 10-15 repetitions for the 13 whole-body RT exercises. The HiCon performed TKD training at 85-100%(weeks 1-2) and 95-100%(weeks 3-4) HRmax and RT training for five sets of 10-15 repetitions for the 13 whole-body RT exercises. At post-test, the male HiCon demonstrated significantly (p< 0.05) higher levels of red blood cells, haemoglobin and haematocrit, while the male ModCon demonstrated significantly lower monocytes and basophil levels. The female HiCon significantly increased their eosinophils, while the female ModCon significantly increased their haemoglobin and mean corpuscular volume, and decreased their red distribution width levels. This suggests that both high-intensity and moderate-intensity concurrent TKD and RT can improve selected hematological parameters, thus oxygen-carrying capacity and immune function, in even already TKD-trained athletes.
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- 2020| Archives of BudoBackground and Study Aim: Professional taekwondo (TKD) athletes possess below average body fat percentages and the overall winners at the Sydney 2000 Olympic Games had a lower body mass index (BMI). Further, physical fitness remains one of the main factors for success in TKD. This indicates the importance of managing body composition and physical fitness for TKD performance. This study’s aim was to generate knowledge about the effect of a fourweek high-intensity intermittent TKD and strength training conditioning program on body composition and physical fitness of South African TKD athletes. Material and Methods: Twenty male participants were randomly assigned to a low-intensity (LI)(n= 10) or high-intensity (HI)(n= 10) group. The study consisted of a four-week, five times weekly TKD training and three times weekly resistance training program. The TKD training program for the HI group consisted of a 10-minute warm-up, a 60-minute workout at 85-95% HRmax for weeks 1-2 and at 90-100% HRmax for weeks 3-4 and a 10-minute cool down. The TKD training program for the LI group consisted of a 10-minute warm-up, a 60-minute workout at 60-70% HRmax for weeks 1-2 and 70-85% HRmax for weeks 3-4. Both groups also participated in a 60-minute resistance training program for three sets of 8-10 repetitions. Results: Significant (p≤ 0.05) improvements were found in body mass (p= 0002), BMI (p= 0.004), sum of skinfolds (p= 0.006) and body fat percentage (p= 0.009) of the HI group. The LI intervention significantly decreased body fat percentage (p= 0.001), but not body mass (p= 0.056), BMI (p= 0.077), and sum of skinfolds (p= 0.820). Post-hoc analysis revealed significant differences in BMI (p= 0.022) and sum of skinfolds (p= 0.042). Significant improvements were found in sit-and-reach (p= 0.034), sit-ups (p= 0.025), push-ups (p= 0.001), horizontal jumps (p= 0.007), VO2max (p= 0.026) and agility (p= 0.037) in the HI group. No significant improvements were observed in any of the physical fitness parameters assessed in the LI group. Post-hoc analysis demonstrated significant differences in sit-and-reach (p= 0.044), sit-ups (p= 0.001), push-ups (p= 0.006), horizontal jumps (p= 0.037), VO2max (p= 0.004) and agility (p= 0.018). Conclusions: High-intensity TKD training along with resistance training can be implemented in the training regimes of TKD athletes when preparing for national and international competitions to enhance combat performance.
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- Resistance training (RT) is increasingly recommended for incorporation into comprehensive fitness or “exercise as medicine” programs. However, the acute effects of RT, and especially its different sub-types, and how they impact health outcomes are not fully investigated. This study evaluated German Volume Training (GVT) (“10 set × 10 rep scheme”) for its efficacy for its use in health settings. This study utilized a randomized crossover design with subjects serving as their own controls to establish baseline values. Subjects were blinded to the study hypothesis. Subjects performed a single session of GVT or no exercise, in a randomised order separated by a 1-week washout period. Outcomes were assessed before and immediately post-exercise. GVT significantly (p < 0.05) decreased systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP) and mean arterial pressure (MAP), but increased heart rate (HR), rate pressure product (RPP) and rating of perceived exertion (RPE). No changes were found in the measured spirometry parameters. Increases were observed in carbon dioxide production (VCO2) and minute ventilation (VE), but not respiratory exchange ratio. Post hoc analysis demonstrated that post-GVT values were significantly lower for SBP (p = 0.017; d = 1.00), DBP (p = 0.013; d = 0.90), MAP (p = 0.024; d = 1.06), and VCO2 (p = 0.009; d = −1.32), and significantly higher for RPP (p = 0.001; d = −3.11), RPE (p = 0.001; d = −14.14), and HR (p = 0.001; d = −3.00). This study indicates that acute GVT promotes post-exercise hypotension and is of sufficient intensity to increase both objective HR and subjective RPE intensities appropriately for use in a variety of health promotion settings.
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