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- Introduction: The present study access the effect of the flavonoid-rich extract from Gongronema latifolium against cardiomyopathy streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Materials and methods: The flavonoid-rich extract from G. latifolium leaf (FREGL) was prepared using a standard method. Diabetes was induced by a single intraperitoneal (i.p.) injection of streptozotocin. The experimental animals were divided into five groups as non-diabetic rats, diabetic control, diabetic rats administered low and high doses of FREGL (13 and 26 mg/kg), and metformin-glibenclamide orally for 21 days. Hence, the experimental animals were sacrificed; blood and heart were harvested to determine diverse biochemical parameters, including the gene expressions of serpin A3 and socs3-a as well as histological examination. Results: The results demonstrated that FREGL significantly (p < 0.05) reduced fasting blood glucose, total cholesterol, low density lipoprotein (LDL), triglyceride (TG), lipid peroxidation levels, as well as the activities of lactate dehydrogenase and creatine kinase-MB, including the relative gene expressions of serpin A3 and Socs3-A in diabetic rats. Also, diabetic rats that received different doses of FREGL showed a substantial rise in insulin and high density lipoprotein (HDL) levels, antioxidant enzyme activities, as well as, normal histoarchitecture of the heart tissues. Conclusion: Therefore, FREGL may be beneficial in alleviating diabetic cardiomyopathy.
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- Benign prostatic hypertrophy (BPH) is a prevalent condition affecting the prostate gland of elderly men. This study investigated the effects of H. sabdariffa leaf flavonoid extracts on BPH induction in rats. Thirty-six male Wistar rats were split into six groups: normal controls, BPH-induced rats (3 mg/kg testosterone), and rats treated with BPH-induced with flavonoid extract (300 mg/kg and 150 mg/kg) or a standard drug (1 mg/kg finasteride). After 28 days, biochemical, histological, and molecular parameters were assessed. The extract rich in flavonoids from H. sabdariffa markedly (p < 0.05) decreased the amount of MDA and enhanced the activities of antioxidant enzymes in rats administered with BPH. The extracts substantially attenuated inflammatory markers such as IL-6, IL-1β, and TNFα levels. Histological examination revealed improved prostate architecture in the treated groups in contrast to those in BPH-induced rats. Additionally, substantial (p < 0.05) downregulation of CEA, AKT, MMP9, and PSA in the extract-treated groups was observed. HPLC characterization identified prominent flavonoids, with quercetin being the most abundant bioactive compound. The outcome of this study proffers the therapeutic activities of H. sabdariffa flavonoid extract on BPH rat model.
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